•  
  •  
 

Corresponding Author(s)

王毅(1974—),男,仲恺农业工程学院教授,博士。E-mail:wangyi168_2001@163.com

Abstract

The traditional hulling of Camellia oleifera fruit is mainly manual, with high work intensity, high labor cost and low production efficiency. Mechanized hulling is the inevitable trend of modernization of Camellia oleifera industry. The existing hulling device of Camellia oleifera fruit has poor universality, low hulling rate and high seed kernel breakage rate, which affects the popularization of mechanized hulling technology of Camellia oleifera. By comparing the existing hulling methods of Camellia oleifera, the structure and working principle of each hulling device were analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages were summarized, and their development direction was prospected.

Publication Date

10-20-2023

First Page

208

Last Page

217

DOI

10.13652/j.spjx.1003.5788.2022.81028

References

[1] 孟桂元, 韩杰铖, 詹兴国, 等. 我国油茶产业分析与发展对策[J]. 中国油脂, 2021, 46(7): 104-108, 113. MENG G Y, HAN J C, ZHAN X G, et al. Industry analysis and development strategy of oil-tea camllia in China[J]. Chinia Oils and Fats, 2021, 46(7): 104-108, 113.
[2] 周新平. 中国油茶: 民族产业与创新[J]. 中国林业产业, 2021(11): 46-53. ZHOU X P. China Camellia oleifera: National industry and innovation[J]. China Forestry Industry, 2021(11): 46-53.
[3] 陈永忠, 杨小胡, 彭邵锋, 等. 我国油茶良种选育研究现状及发展策略[J]. 林业科技开发, 2005(4): 1-4. CHEN Y Z, YANG X H, PENG S F, et al. Research status and development strategies of improved camellia oleifera breeding in China[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2005(4): 1-4.
[4] 崔勇, 蓝峰, 苏子昊, 等. 油茶栽培机械化作业技术路线研究[J]. 南方农机, 2010(1): 42-45. CUI Y, LAN F, SU Z H, et al. The study on the mechanization technology Mode of camellia oleifera planting[J]. China Southern Agricultural Machinery, 2010(1): 42-45.
[5] 栾淑丽, 任红艳, 施润和, 等. 中国油茶种植适宜性评价及产能提升建议[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2021, 42(10): 39-47. LUAN S L, REN H Y, SHI R H, et al. Evaluation on the suitability of camellia oleifera planting andsuggestionis for productivity improvement china[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2021, 42(10): 39-47.
[6] 范筱元, 杜娟, 周晓亮, 等. 中国油茶生产区比较优势分析与影响因素研究[J/OL]. 中国油脂. (2022-10-08) [2022-12-24]. https:doi.org/10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.220608. FAN X Y, DU J, ZHOU X L, et al. Comparative advantage analysis and influencing factors of camellia oleifera production areas in China[J/OL]. China Oils and Fats. (2022-10-08) [2022-12-24]. https:doi.org/10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.220608.
[7] 邹锡兰, 吴尚清. 国务院批准颁布《全国油茶产业发展规划(2009—2020年)》千亿油茶产业待破局[J]. 中国经济周刊, 2009(47): 45-46. ZOU X L, WU S Q. Thestate council approved the promulgation of the national camellia oleifera industry development plan (2009—2020), and the 100 billion Camellia oleifera industry will be broken[J]. China Economic Weekly, 2009(47): 45-46.
[8] 全国大宗油料作物生产发展规划(2016—2020年)[J]. 中国农业信息, 2017(1): 6-15. National development plan of oil crops production (2016—2020) [J]. China Agricultural Informatics, 2017(1): 6-15.
[9] 曾馥平, 宋同清. 碾米机改装成油茶脱壳机[J]. 粮油加工与食品机械, 1992(5): 20. ZENG F P, SONG T Q. Rice milling machine converted into oil-tea sheller[J]. Cereals and Oils Processing, 1992(5): 20.
[10] 张会娟, 谢焕雄, 王建楠, 等. 我国核桃脱壳设备概况与发展探析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(9): 95-101. ZHANG H J, XIE H X, WANG J N, et al. Research overview and development analysis of walnut shelling equipment in China[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(9): 95-101.
[11] 刘佳, 沈晓贺, 杨莉玲, 等. 核桃破壳技术与装备研究进展[J]. 食品与机械, 2020, 36(9): 223-227, 232. LIU J, SHEN X H, YANG L L, et al. Research progress of walnut hulling technology and equipment[J]. Food & Machinery, 2020, 36(9): 223-227, 232.
[12] 杨忠强, 杨莉玲, 闫圣坤, 等. 杏核破壳技术及装备研究进展[J]. 食品与机械, 2016, 32(10): 230-236. YANG Z Q, YANG L L, YAN S K, et al. Research progress on almond cracking technology and equipment[J]. Food & Machinery, 2016, 32(10): 230-236.
[13] 唐湘. 油茶果脱壳装置设计及试验[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2015: 22. TANG X. Design and experiment of hulling device for camellia oleifera[D]. Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2015: 22.
[14] BERNIK R, STAJNKO D, DEMAR I. Comparison of the kernel quality of different walnuts (Juglans regia L.) Varieties shelled with modified centrifugal sheller[J]. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 2020, 62: 213-220.
[15] 廖配, 全腊珍, 肖旭, 等. 撞击式油茶果破壳装置的设计及试验[J]. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 45(1): 108-112. LIAO P, QUAN L Z, XIAO X, et al. design and experimental study of percussive shelling device for camellia oleifera fruit[J]. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences), 2019, 45(1): 108-112.
[16] 李官强. 一种多次碰撞脱壳机: CN206507236U[P]. 2017-09-22. LI G Q. A multi-impact sheller: CN206507236U[P]. 2017-09-22.
[17] 王毅, 胡怡, 熊平原, 等. 一种油茶果的壳、籽分离装置及其方法: CN110833196A[P]. 2020-02-25. WANG Y, HU Y, XIONG P Y, et al. A device and method for separating shells and seeds of camellia oleifera: CN110833196A[P]. 2020-02-25.
[18] 李阳, 王勇, 邓腊云, 等. 揉搓型油茶果分类脱壳分选机的脱壳和清选效果研究[J]. 湖南林业科技, 2015, 42(2): 38-42. LI Y, WANG Y, DENG L Y, et al. Research on the effect of camellia oleifera fruit sheller and sorting machine[J].Hunan Forestry Science & Technology, 2015, 42(2): 38-42.
[19] 王焱清. 新型揉搓式油茶果破壳机: CN114424829A[P]. 2022-05-03. WANG Y Q. A new type of rubbing oil-tea fruit sheller: CN114424829A[P]. 2022-05-03.
[20] 张禹鑫. 差速对搓式油茶果脱壳机脱壳受力分析与参数优化[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨理工大学, 2022: 32. ZHANG Y X. Stress analysis and parameter optimization of different-speed-pair-rubbing camellia oleifera fruit sheller[D]. Harbin: Harbin University of Science and Technology, 2022: 32.
[21] WORN J J, MITCHELL J. Nut-cracking apparatus: US2021401026[P]. 2021-12-30.
[22] 蓝峰, 崔勇, 苏子昊, 等. 油茶果脱壳清选机的研制与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(15): 33-39. LAN F, CUI Y, SU Z H, et al. Design and test on shelling and sorting machine of camellia oleifera fruit[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(15): 33-39.
[23] 兰峰, 刘涛, 苏子昊, 等. 油茶果脱壳清选成套设备的研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2016, 37(11): 85-93. LAN F, LIU T, SU Z H, et al. Research on shelling and sorting complete sets of camellia oleifera[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2016, 37(11): 85-93.
[24] 汤晶宇, 王东, 寇欣, 等. 四通道全自动油茶成熟鲜果脱壳机设计与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2021, 52(4): 109-116, 229. TANG J Y, WANG D, KOU X, et al. Design and experiment of four-channel fully automatic shelling machine for ripe fresh camellia oleifera fruit[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2021, 52(4): 109-116, 229.
[25] 张钰. 基于多通道模式下油茶脱壳清选一体机的设计与研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨理工大学, 2021: 26-27. ZHANG Y. Design and research of camellia shelling cleaning machine based on multi-channel mode[D]. Harbin: Harbin University of Science and Technology, 2021: 26-27.
[26] FAKAYODE O A, AKPAN J F. Development, testing and optimization of a Moringa (Moringa oleifera) seed Dehuller[J]. Agricultural Research, 2020, 9(2): 249-261.
[27] IBIKUNLE R A, IKUBANNI P P, AGBOOLA O O, et al. Development and performance evaluation of palm nut cracker[J]. Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, 2018(33): 219-234.
[28] AVIARA N A, IYILADE I J, OYENIYI S K, et al. Performance evaluation of a bush mango (irvingia gabonensis) nut cracking machine[J]. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 2019, 21(1): 156-162.
[29] 张风, 杨志斌, 张劲夫. 油茶鲜果剥壳机机械设计原理[J]. 湖北林业科技, 2013(3): 21-23. ZHANG F, YANG Z B, ZHANG J F. Mechanical design principles of camellia oleifera fresh fruit hulling machine[J]. Hubei Forestry Science and Technology, 2013(3): 21-23.
[30] 李文林, 彭宣炎, 杨博, 等. 油茶果脱壳技术与设备研究[J]. 中国油脂, 2018, 43(4): 151-153, 156. LI W L, PENG X Y, YANG B, et al. Dehulling technology and device for oil-tea camellia fruit[J]. China Oils and Fats, 2018, 43(4): 151-153, 156.
[31] 平井敏治. 落花生の殻剥き機: JP6600836B[P]. 2019-11-06. HIRAI TOSHIHARU. Peanut shell peeler: JP6600836B[P]. 2019-11-06.
[32] 杨树松. 油茶鲜果破壳—清选机的设计与试验研究[D]. 长沙: 中南林业科技大学, 2015: 82. YANG S S. Design and experimental research on the camellia fresh fruit shell breaking-screening machine[D]. Changsha: Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 2015: 82.
[33] 王伟. 一种油茶果脱壳装置: CN208480568U[P]. 2019-02-12. WANG W. A hulling device for camellia oleifera: CN208480568U[P]. 2019-02-12.
[34] DIXIT J, RAVINDRA K. Design and development of walnut cracking machine[J]. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 2022, 24(4): 143.
[35] LIM B Y, SHAMSUDIN R, YUNUS R. Development and testing of a Jatropha fruit shelling process for shell-free kernel recovery in biodiesel production[J]. Biosystems Engineering, 2014, 121: 46-55.
[36] LIM B Y, SHAMSUDIN R, BAHARUDIN B T H T, et al. Performance evaluation and CFD multiphase modeling for Multistage Jatropha fruit shelling machine[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2016, 85: 125-138.
[37] 杨柳君. 一种油茶果脱壳机: CN210726628U[P]. 2020-06-12. YANG L J. A sheller for camellia oleifera: CN210726628U[P]. 2020-06-12.
[38] 熊平原, 王毅, 王旭东, 等. 一种自动化油茶脱壳榨油机: CN209599929U[P]. 2019-11-08. XIONG P Y, WANG Y, WANG X D, et al. An automatic oil press for hulling camellia oleifera: CN209599929U[P]. 2019-11-08.
[39] 祝兆帅, 张佳喜, 杨莉玲, 等. 斜齿对辊挤压式杏核破壳装置设计及压辊强度分析[J]. 食品与机械, 2021, 37(5): 115-119, 202. ZHU Z S, ZHANG X J, YANG L L, et al. Design of apricot core-breaking device with squeeze-tooth-to-rollerand analysis of the strength of pressing roller[J]. Food & Machinery, 2021, 37(5): 115-119, 202.
[40] 朱广飞, 任嘉嘉, 王振, 等. 油茶果脱壳机的设计与工作参数优化[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(7): 19-27. ZHU G F, REN J J, WANG Z, et al. Design of shelling machine for camellia oleifera fruit and operating parameter optimization[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(7): 19-27.
[41] 孙小永, 李滨, 潘荣晴, 等. 油茶果脱壳分选一体机设计研究[J]. 科技创新与生产力, 2021(7): 102-104. SUN X Y, LI B, PAN R Q, et al. Design and research on the integrated machine of camellia oleifera fruit shelling and sorting[J]. Sci-tech Innovation and Productivity, 2021(7): 102-104.
[42] 杜鑫. 一种油茶果装置高效脱壳分离装置: CN107822153B[P]. 2019-12-13. DU X. An efficient hulling and separating device for camellia oleifera: CN107822153B[P]. 2019-12-13.
[43] KIM S Y. Nut cracking mechanism for variable-sized nuts: US7717033[P]. 2010-05-18.
[44] IQBAL Z, JOWOWASITO G, LUTFI M, et al. Designing small-medium scale groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) shelling machine for local merchant in Tuban, East Java[J]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, 230(1): 012013.
[45] 樊涛, 吴兆迁, 曲振兴, 等. 油茶果脱青皮机的设计[J]. 林业机械与木工设备, 2011, 39(10): 35-36. FAN T, WU Z Q, QU Z X, et al. Design of green camellia fruit peeling machines[J]. Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment, 2011, 39(10): 35-36.
[46] 刘亮亮. 压剥式油茶果破壳机的设计与试验[D]. 武汉: 湖北工业大学, 2017: 1. LIU L L. Design and study on pressure stripping mechine for camellia shelling[D]. Wuhan: Hubei University of Technology, 2017: 1.
[47] 马君. 多通道气动刨削式油茶果破壳机设计及试验研究[D]. 武汉: 湖北工业大学, 2018: 15. MA J. Design and test of multi-channel pneumatic planer for camellia oleifera shelling[D]. Wuhan: Hubei University of Technology, 2018: 15.
[48] UCHIYAMA N, HO MINH P, YAMANAKA H, et al. Force control for automatic cashew shelling considering size variance[J]. Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing, 2014, 8(3): 0018.
[49] 熊平原, 王毅, 吴卓葵, 等. 油茶青果脱壳装置研究与设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2016, 37(5): 126-129. XIONG P Y, WANG Y, WU Z K, et al. Research and design on shelling machine of green camellia fruit[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2016, 37(5): 126-129.
[50] 李善淼. 油茶青果脱皮机及皮籽分离装置的设计研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉轻工大学, 2016: 21. LI S M. Design and research on dehulling machine and separating equipment of camellia oleifera[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan Polytechnic University, 2016: 21.
[51] 陈礼东. 油茶果脱蒲与分离结构设计及试验研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业机械化科学研究院, 2021: 61. CHEN L D. Design and experimental research on shelling and separation structure of camellia oleifera[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, 2021: 61.
[52] 肖本贵, 胡淑芬, 邓勇杰, 等. 油茶果划线破壳装置设计[J]. 南方农机, 2021, 52(16): 17-19. XIAO B G, HU S F, DENG Y J, et al. Design of marking and breaking shell device for camellia oleifera fruit[J]. China Southern Agricultural Machinery, 2021, 52(16): 17-19.

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.