•  
  •  
 

Corresponding Author(s)

杨勇（1972—），男，湖南中医药大学教授，博士。E-mail：yangyong@hnucm.edu.cn

Abstract

Carboxymethyl pachymaran （CMP） is a carboxymethylated modification product of the water-insoluble polysaccharides from Poria cocos. It has many biological activities such as immune regulation, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, liver damage protection and intestinal flora regulation. It has a wide application prospect in functional food, active molecular carrier, medicine and other fields. In this paper, the research of CMP at home and abroad in recent years was focused, the biological activity, preparation, identification and application development of CMP were reviewed, and the future development direction of CMP was prospected.

Publication Date

7-22-2024

First Page

213

Last Page

220

DOI

10.13652/j.spjx.1003.5788.2024.60095

References

[1] 国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典[S]. 北京: 中国医药科技出版社, 2020: 251. National Medical Products Administration. Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China[S]. Beijing: China Medical Science Press, 2020: 251.
[2] 刘欣. 羧甲基茯苓多糖组分的制备及其抗氧化活性研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2017: 9-11. LIU X. The preparation of carboxymethyl-pachyman component and its antioxidant effect[D]. Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2017: 9-11.
[3] XU T R, ZHANG H M, WANG S G, et al. A review on the advances in the extraction methods and structure elucidation of Poria cocos polysaccharide and its pharmacological activities and drug carrier applications[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2022, 30: 536-551.
[4] 王宏侠. 茯苓不同药用部位化学成分分析及赤茯苓质量标准研究[D]. 石家庄: 河北医科大学, 2016: 38-41. WANG H X. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of components in different medicinal parts of Poria and study on quality standard of Rubra Poria[D]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Medical University, 2016: 38-41.
[5] 肖扬波, 刘琪, 彭逸斯, 等. 干燥方法对茯苓产品显微性状、营养成分及抗氧化活性的影响[J]. 食品与机械, 2021, 37（3）: 175-179. XIAO Y B, LIU Q, PENG Y S, et al. The effect of drying methods on the microscopic properties, ingredients and antioxidant activity of Poria cocos products[J]. Food & Machinery, 2021, 37（3）: 175-179.
[6] 康玉姿, 王维皓. 近红外漫反射法测定茯苓中水溶性多糖及碱溶性多糖[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2016, 22（24）: 80-83. KANG Y Z, WANG W H. Determination of water-soluble polysaccharide and alkali-soluble polysaccharide in Poria by near infrared spectroscopy[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2016, 22（24）: 80-83.
[7] ZHAO Y L, FENG X, ZHANG L J,et al. Antitumor activity of carboxymethyl pachymaran with different molecular weights based on immunomodulatory and gut microbiota[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15（21）: 4 527.
[8] 纪芳, 李鹏飞, 徐胜元, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖的制备及体内抗肿瘤作用的实验研究[J]. 中国微生态学杂志, 2003（6）: 22-23. JI F, LI P F, XU S Y, et al. Preparation of carboxymethyl pachyman and effect of anti-tumor in vivo[J]. Chinese Journal of Microecology, 2003（6）: 22-23.
[9] WEI Y Y, HU T J, SU Z J, et al. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of carboxymethyl pachymaran on the mice infected with PCV2[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2012, 50（3）: 713-719.
[10] WEI X J, HU T J, CHEN J R, et al. Inhibitory effect of carboxymethyl pachymaran on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in mice[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2011, 49（4）: 801-805.
[11] 刘星汶, 杨继国, 徐晓飞. 羧甲基茯苓多糖的水媒法制备及其免疫活性研究[J]. 菌物学报, 2021, 40（6）: 1 575-1 582. LIU X W, YANG J G, XU X F. Carboxymethyl-pachymaran from the fruiting body of Poria cocos: preparationin aqueous system and its immunomodulation activity[J]. Mycosystema, 2021, 40（6）: 1 575-1 582.
[12] 钱高潮, 丁志祥, 潘薇, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖抑制人外周血源性树突状细胞凋亡的体外研究[J]. 南京医科大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 35（2）: 164-168. QIAN G C, DING Z X, PAN W, et al. Carboxymethytl pachymaram inhibits apoptosis of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells[J]. Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Natural Sciences）, 2015, 35（2）: 164-168.
[13] WEI X J, HU W Y, HU T J. Effects of carboxymethyl pachymaran on signal molecules in chicken immunocytes[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2013, 59: 357-362.
[14] HOU A J, YANG Z Q, HUANG J, et al.Carboxymethyl pachymaram up-regulates dendritic cell function in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice[J]. Frontiers of Biology in China, 2008, 3（4）: 408-413.
[15] CHEN Z, YU B, WANG X L, et al. Carboxymethyl pachymaran enhances immunologic function of dendritic cells cultured in two kinds of hepatoma carcinoma cell line's supernatant via nuclear factor κB/Rel pathway[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2012, 18（3）: 203-208.
[16] 廖海锋, 邓向亮, 罗霞, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对巨噬细胞极化的影响[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2016, 22（13）: 122-126. LIAO H F, DENG X L, LUO X, et al. Effects of carboxymethylpachymaran on polarization of macrophages[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2016, 22（13）: 122-126.
[17] LIU F, ZHANG L J, FENG X, et al. Immunomodulatory activity of carboxymethyl pachymaran on immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide[J]. Molecules, 2021, 26（19）: 5 733.
[18] LIU F, LIU Y, FENG X, et al. Structure characterization and in vitro immunomodulatory activities of carboxymethyl pachymaran[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2021, 178: 94-103.
[19] 汪芳, 陈琪, 吴颖涛, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对前列腺癌细胞周期的影响及机制研究[J]. 华南国防医学杂志, 2020, 34（11）: 762-767. WANG F, CHEN Q, WU Y T, et al. Research on effect and mechanism of carboxymethyl pachymaran on prostate cancer cell cycle[J]. Military Medicine of Joint Logistics, 2020, 34（11）: 762-767.
[20] 杨焕治, 熊芳琪, 杨岚, 等. 不同组分羧甲基茯苓多糖对HepG2细胞增殖的影响[J]. 中国食物与营养, 2019, 25（12）: 26-28, 39. YANG H Z, XIONG F Q, YANG L, et al. Effect of different componentscarboxymethyl pachyman （CMP） on HepG2 cell proliferation[J]. Food and Nutrition in China, 2019, 25（12）: 26-28, 39.
[21] JING T T, G Y L, WEI Y Q. Carboxymethylated pachyman induces ferroptosis in ovarian cancer by suppressing NRF1/HO-1 signaling[J]. Oncology Letters, 2022, 23（5）: 161.
[22] 王灿红, 何晓山, 张丽静, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对氟尿嘧啶肝损伤小鼠减毒及肝脏保护作用[J]. 现代食品科技, 2016, 32（9）: 28-34. WANG C H, HE X S, ZHANG L J, et al. Toxicity reduction by （and hepatoprotective effects of） carboxymethyl pachymaran on 5-fluorouracil-induced liver injury in mice[J]. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2016, 32（9）: 28-34.
[23] 王灿红, 霍小位, 何晓山, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对肠癌小鼠生命延长及对环磷酰胺的减毒作用[J]. 食品科学, 2016, 37（21）: 229-233. WANG C H, HUO X H, HE X S, et al. Effect of carboxymethyl pachymaran on life extension and attenuation of cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in CT26 tumor-bearing mice[J]. Food Science, 2016, 37（21）: 229-233.
[24] 杨勇, 杨宏新, 闫晓红. 羧甲基茯苓多糖抗小鼠白血病凋亡药理学研究[J]. 肿瘤研究与临床, 2005（2）: 83-85. YANG Y, YANG H X, WANG X H. Pharmacological study of apoptosis on antileukemia effect of carboxymethyl pachymaran[J]. Cancer Research and Clinic, 2005（2）: 83-85.
[25] YAN Y Y, YUAN S, MA H H, et al. Structural modification and biological activities of carboxymethyl pachymaran[J]. Food Science Nutrition, 2021, 9（8）: 4 335-4 348.
[26] 陈春霞. 羧甲基茯苓多糖诱导物的临床试验[J]. 康复学报, 2003（5）: 20-22. CHEN C X. A clinical trial of inducer in carboxymethyl pachymaran[J]. Rehabilitation Medicine, 2003（5）: 20-22.
[27] 别蒙, 谢笔钧, 孙智达. 不同取代度水溶性羧甲基茯苓多糖的制备、结构表征及体外抑菌活性[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41（12）: 67-76. BIE M, XIE B J, SUN Z D. Preparation, structural characterization and in vitro antibacterial activity of water-soluble carboxymethyl pachymaran with different degrees of substitution[J]. Food Science, 2020, 41（12）: 67-76.
[28] WANG J Y, BIE M, ZHAO W J, et al. Interaction between carboxymethyl pachyman and lotus seedpod oligomeric procyanidins with superior synergistic antibacterial activity[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2019, 212: 11-20.
[29] 王峰, 何佳, 王林园, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠的研究[J]. 中国临床药理学杂志, 2022, 38（12）: 1 368-1 372. WANG F, HE J, WANG L Y, et al. Research of carboxymethyl pachymaran on ulcerative colitis rats[J]. The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2022, 38（12）: 1 368-1 372.
[30] 王灿红, 何晓山, 张丽静, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对氟尿嘧啶致肠炎小鼠的保护作用[J]. 中国药理学通报, 2016, 32（4）:484-489. WANG F, HE X S, WANG L Y, et al. Protective effects of CMP on 5-Fu-induced intestinal mucositis of mice[J]. Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, 2016, 32（4）: 484-489.
[31] TAN Z J, ZHANG Q Y, ZHAO R, et al. A comparative study on the effects of different sources of carboxymethyl poria polysaccharides on the repair of DSS-induced colitis in mice[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023, 24（10）: 9 034.
[32] LIU X F, WANG X Q, XU X F, et al. Purification, antitumor and anti-inflammation activities of an alkali-soluble and carboxymethyl polysaccharide CMP33 from Poria cocos[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2019, 127: 39-47.
[33] HE J T, HU L H, DENG Q, et al.Carboxymethyl pachymaran attenuates short-term stress induced depressive behaviours and over-expression of occludin and claudin-2 in the blood-brain-barrier by regulating inflammatory cytokines-JNK/ERK/p38 pathway[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2023, 103: 105490.
[34] 杨焕治, 刘欣, 杨岚, 等. 不同构型羧甲基茯苓多糖（CMP）抗氧化活性研究[J]. 湖南师范大学自然科学学报, 2018, 41（5）: 29-33. YANG H Z, LIU X, YANG L, et al. On the antioxidant activity of carboxymethyl pachyman （CMP） with different conformations[J]. Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University, 2018, 41（5）: 29-33.
[35] CHEN Z X, ZHAO Y L, FENG X, et al. Effects of degradation on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of carboxymethyl pachymaran[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023, 245: 125560.
[36] 冯燕茹, 刘玮, 杨继国. 不同分子量羧甲基茯苓多糖的制备及其抗氧化活性的研究[J]. 中国食品添加剂, 2019, 30（3）: 67-74. FENG Y R, LIU W, YANG J G. Preparation of carboxymethylated pachyman with different molecular weightand study on its antioxidative activity[J]. China Food Additives, 2019, 30（3）: 67-74.
[37] 周际松, 汪芷玥, 汤凯, 等. 羧甲基化茯苓多糖的抗氧化性分析[J]. 中国食品添加剂, 2020, 31（7）: 120-125. ZHOU J S, WANG Z Y, TANG K, et al. Antioxidant analysis of carboxymethylated Poria cocos[J]. China Food Additives, 2020, 31（7）: 120-125.
[38] WANG G Z, CHEN X L, SUN C Y, et al. Gut microbiota and metabolite insights into anti-obesity effect of carboxymethyl pachymaran in high-fat diet mice[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2023, 111: 105898.
[39] ZHANG F M, ZHENG H, ZHENG T, et al. Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides[J]. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13（3）: 1 685-1 697.
[40] WANG C H, YANG S X, LI G, et al. Carboxymethyl pachyman （CMP） reduces intestinal mucositis and regulates the intestinal microflora in 5-fluorouracil-treated CT26 tumour-bearing mice[J]. Food function, 2018, 9（5）: 2 695-2 704.
[41] ZHAO Y L, FENG X, ZHANG L J, et al. Antitumor activity of carboxymethyl pachymaran with different molecular weights based on immunomodulatory and gut microbiota[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15（21）: 4 527.
[42] 陈继岩. 羧甲基茯苓多糖抗乙型肝炎病毒的体内与体外研究[J]. 中国生化药物杂志, 2015, 35（2）: 66-70. CHEN J Y. Study on effect of carboxymethyl-pachymaran on anti-hepatitis virus in vivo and in vitro[J]. Chinese Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceuticals, 2015, 35（2）: 66-70.
[43] 沈晓燕, 胡艳, 周维, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖抗大鼠实验性肝纤维化作用的研究[J]. 中国民族民间医药, 2009, 18（22）: 9-10. SHEN X Y, HU Y, ZHOU W, et al. Study on the effect of carboxymethyl pachymaran on experimental liver fibrosis in rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, 2009, 18（22）: 9-10.
[44] ZHANG J W, LU Y, WEI J N, et al. Protective effect of carboxytmethyl pachymaran on TNF-α-induced damage in Caco-2 cell monolayers[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2016, 93: 506-511.
[45] 张金卫, 卢月, 钟晓琴, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对肿瘤坏死因子-α调控体外Caco-2细胞系生物学特性的影响[J]. 中国免疫学杂志, 2016, 32（5）: 665-668. ZHANG J W, LU Y, ZHONG X Q, et al. Effect of carboxytmethyl pachymaran on tumor necrosis factor alpha's control in vitro Caco-2 cell biological characteristics[J]. Chinese Journal of Immunology, 2016, 32（5）: 665-668.
[46] 符辉, 吴奇辉, 王广兰, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖抗疲劳作用研究[J]. 天然产物研究与开发, 2014, 26（3）: 403-406. FU H, WU Q H, WANG G L, et al. Anti-fatigue effect of carboxymethyl-pachyman[J]. Natural Product Research and Development, 2014, 26（3）: 403-406.
[47] 陶跃中. 茯苓多糖深层发酵、提取的参数控制及羧甲基化改性研究[D]. 郑州: 河南大学, 2010: 32-34. TAO Y Z. Studies on parameters control of submerged fermentation, extraction and carboxymethylation of pachyman[D]. Zhengzhou: Henan University, 2010: 32-34.
[48] KANAYAMA H, ADACHI N, TOGAMI M. A new antitumor polysaccharide from the mycelia of Poria cocos wolf[J]. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1983, 31（3）: 1 115-1 118.
[49] XIE L M, SHEN M Y, WANG Z J, et al. Structure, function and food applications of carboxymethylated polysaccharides: a comprehensive review[J]. Trends in Food Science Technology, 2021, 118: 539-557.
[50] 刘星汶. 羧甲基茯苓多糖的制备及构效关系研究[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2023: 27-29. LIU X W. Study on the preparation and structure-activity relationships of carboxymethyl-pachymaran[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2023: 27-29.
[51] 李雪晖, 罗心雨, 王莹. 羧甲基化南瓜多糖的制备及抗氧化、降血糖活性研究[J]. 食品与机械, 2022, 38（3）: 178-183, 246. LI X H, LUO X Y, WANG Y. Preparation of carboxymethylated pumpkin polysaccharide and its antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities[J]. Food & Machinery, 2022, 38（3）: 178-183, 246.
[52] 王永强, 刘忠义, 岳书杭, 等. 羧甲基大米淀粉的半干法制备及表征[J]. 食品与机械, 2017, 33（2）: 26-30. WANG Y Q, LIU Y Z, YUE S H, et al. Preparation and properties of carboxymethyl rice starch by semi-dry method[J]. Food & Machinery, 2017, 33（2）: 26-30.
[53] 韩欢, 王康锋, 侯翰如, 等. 基于“微生物—脑—肠轴”探析中医治疗阿尔茨海默病的思路[J]. 上海中医药杂志, 2023, 57（3）: 1-5. HAN H, WANG K F, HOU H R, et al. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment for Alzheimer's disease based on themicrobiota-brain-gut axis[J]. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 57（3）: 1-5.
[54] WANG L, MAO J, ZHOU Q, et al. Coating carboxymethyl pachymaran （CMP） on bovine serum albumin （BSA） nanoparticles for the encapsulation and oral delivery of curcumin[J]. Food Bioscience, 2023, 56（1）: 103160.
[55] DENG Z Y, LI J, SONG R, et al.Carboxymethyl pachymaran/alginate gel entrapping of natural pollen capsules for the encapsulation, protection and delivery of probiotics with enhanced viability[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2021, 120: 106855.
[56] DENG Z Y, PEI Y Q, WANG S S, et al. Designable carboxymethyl pachymaran/metal ion architecture on sunflower sporopollenin exine capsules as delivery vehicles for bioactive macromolecules[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020, 68（47）: 13 990-14 000.
[57] DENG Z Y, WANG S S, ZHOU B, et al. Carboxymethyl pachymaran-zein coated plant microcapsules-based β-galactosidase encapsulation system for long-term effective delivery[J]. Food Research International, 2020, 128: 108867.
[58] 姚韶华, 程雅清, 武若楠, 等. 羧甲基茯苓多糖对香菇贮藏保鲜效果的影响[J]. 武汉工程大学学报, 2022, 44（4）: 428-433. YAO S H, CHEN Y Q, WU R N, et al. Effect of carboxymethyl pachyman on preservation of lentinula edodes[J]. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology, 2022, 44（4）: 428-433.
[59] 王艺峰, 徐伟, 陈红, 等. 一种具有抗蛋白吸附和抗菌功能的聚氨酯材料: CN200910060489.0[P]. 2009-06-24. WANG Y F, XU W, CHEN H, et al. A polyurethane material with anti-protein adsorption and antibacterial properties: CN200910060489.0[P]. 2009-06-24.
[60] AZAD M A K, WANG H B, YANG H, et al. Effects of dietary carboxymethyl pachyman on oxidative stress and inflammation in weaned piglets challenged with diquat[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2021, 276: 114922.
[61] ZHOU J Y, ZHANG K Q, GAO J, et al. Effect of Poria cocos mushroom polysaccharides （PCPs） on the quality and DNA methylation of cryopreserved Shanghai white pig spermatozoa[J]. Cells, 2023, 12（11）: 1 456.

Download

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.