Abstract
[Objective] To investigate the effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） supplementation on muscle protection in taekwondo players during training. [Methods] 18 male subjects above the second level of the Taekwondo special Team who voluntarily participated in the experiment were recruited and divided into experimental and control groups （9 each） according to the conditions. The experimental group consumed one sachet （25 g/bag, the amount of HMβ added was 500 mg/bag） of HMβ-added milk powder before and after training （with a break of more than 30 min） in the morning and afternoon from Monday to Saturday, while the control group consumed the same amount of commercially available regular milk powder. Blood samples were collected before and after the intervention and on Monday mornings to analyze the changes in biochemical indicators, and quantitative tests of Taekwondo-specific abilities were performed before and after the experiment. [Results] Compared with the control group, the experimental group did not see significant changes in the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-6, plasma glutamine levels were significantly increased （P<0.05）, and plasma glycine levels did not see a significant decrease after intervention; Myoglobin was significantly decreased in the experimental group after intervention （P<0.05）, and serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol were significantly lower than those of the control group （P<0.05）. The decrease of blood urea nitrogen was smaller than that of the control group; The number of 20-second in situ knee lifts and the number of 30-second tuck jumps in the experimental group were both improved and increased more than that of the control group. [Conclusion] HMβ supplementation during training can exert protective functions by reducing inflammation, improving immune function, maintaining muscle membrane stability, increasing nitrogen stores, and strengthening muscle remodeling ability, improving muscle adaptability to training to ensure their competitive status.
Publication Date
9-11-2024
First Page
141
Last Page
147,240
DOI
10.13652/j.spjx.1003.5788.2023.80771
Recommended Citation
Boya, SONG; Tao, JIANG; Bo, GOU; Qirong, WANG; Qiang, LIU; and Haotian, FENG
(2024)
"Effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid on muscle protection during taekwondo team training,"
Food and Machinery: Vol. 40:
Iss.
7, Article 21.
DOI: 10.13652/j.spjx.1003.5788.2023.80771
Available at:
https://www.ifoodmm.cn/journal/vol40/iss7/21
References
[1] 赵光圣, 刘宏伟. 跆拳道运动教程[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2015: 140-141.
ZHAO G S, LIU H W. Taekwondo sports tutorial[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2015: 140-141.
[2] 薛婷婷, 孙国友, 陆玉林. 近十年跆拳道竞赛规则演变规律及其动因研究[J]. 南京体育学院学报, 2020, 19（2）: 65-70.
XUE T T, SUN G Y, LU Y L. Research on evolution law and motivation of taekwondo competition rules in recent ten years[J]. Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute, 2020, 19（2）: 65-70.
[3] LIN Z R, ZHAO A Q, HE J G. Effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） on the muscle strength in the elderly population: a meta-analysis[J]. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2022, 13, 9: 914866.
[4] 黄飞. 亮氨酸对抗阻运动引起的骨骼肌损伤和疼痛的保护作用[J]. 基因组学与应用生物学, 2020（1）: 386-393.
HUANG F. Protective effect of leucine on skeletal muscle injury and pain caused by resistance exercise[J]. Genomics and Applied Biology, 2020（1）: 386-393.
[5] OKTAVIANA J, ZANKER J, VOGRIN S, et al. The effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） on sarcopenia and functional frailty in older persons: a systematic review[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 2019, 23（2）: 145-150.
[6] LANDI F, CALVANI R, PICCA A, et al. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate and sarcopenia: from biological plausibility to clinical evidence[J]. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2019, 22（1）: 37-43.
[7] PRADO C M, ORSSO C E, PEREIRA S L, et al. Effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） supplementation on muscle mass, function, and other outcomes in patients with cancer: a systematic review[J]. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 2022, 13（3）: 1 623-1 641.
[8] 桑培培, 张蔓丽, 李婕, 等. 体能训练过程中尿液肌红蛋白升高对有机酸代谢的影响研究[J]. 标记免疫分析与临床, 2022（5）: 790-794.
SANG P P, ZHANG M L, LI J, et al. Effects of urine myoglobin elevation on organic acid metabolism during physical training[J]. Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine, 2022（5）: 790-794.
[9] TSUCHIYA Y, HIRAYAMA K, UEDA H, et al. Two and four weeks of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） supplementations reduce muscle damage following eccentric contractions[J]. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2019, 38（4）: 373-379.
[10] HOFFMAN J R, COOPER J, WENDELL M, et al. Effects of beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate on power performance and indices of muscle damage and stress during high-intensity training[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2004, 18（4）: 747-752.
[11] MIYAKE S, OGO A, KUBOTA H, et al. β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate suppresses NF-κB activation and Il-6 production in TE-1 cancer cells[J]. National Library of Medicine, 2019, 33（2）: 353-358.
[12] 范小庆, 扈金萍. 甘氨酸生理功能与代谢研究进展[J]. 国际药学研究杂志, 2018, 45（2）: 102-107.
FAN X Q, HU J P. Physiological function of glycine and its role in metabolism: research advances[J]. Journal of International Pharmaceutical Research, 2018, 45（2）: 102-107.
[13] 曾志刚, 郝选明, 邱红. 补充β-羟基-β甲基丁酸盐（HMβ）在运动训练中的生理效应[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2007, 26（1）: 120-123.
ZENG Z G, HAO X M, QIU H. Supplementation of physiological effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） in exercise training[J]. Chinese Journal of Sports Medcine, 2007, 26（1）: 120-123.
[14] 张庆. 机能增进补剂HMB的补充效用及机制研究[J]. 南京体育学院学报, 2019, 2（4）: 50-58.
ZHANG Q. Supplement benefits and mechanism of ergogenic aidhmb[J]. Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute, 2019, 2（4）: 50-58.
[15] 马友彪, 张海军, 王晶, 等. β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸在畜禽营养中作用的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2016, 43（10）: 2 608-2 614.
MA Y B, ZHANG H J, WANG J, et al. Research progress on β-hyroxy-β-methylbutyrate in animal nutrition[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2016, 43（10）: 2 608-2 614.
[16] NISSEN S, SHARP R L, PANTON L, et al. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate（HMB） supplementation in humans is safe and may decrease cardiovascular risk factors[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 2000, 130（8）: 1 937-1 945.
[17] 吕武. 体能训练中的膳食营养分析[J]. 食品与机械, 2022, 38（2）: 245-246.
LU W. Analysis of dietary nutrition in physical training[J]. Food & Machinery, 2022, 38（2）: 245-246.
[18] 荆西民. 运动员膳食营养管理研究进展[J]. 食品与机械, 2021, 37（9）: 222-227.
JING X M. Research progress on management of athletes' dietary nutrition[J]. Food & Machinery, 2021, 37（9）: 222-227.
[19] 曾佳. 竞技运动员营养误区及改善途径[J]. 食品与机械, 2021, 37（9）: 218-221.
ZENG J. Nutrition misunderstanding of competitive athletes and its improvement[J]. Food & Machinery, 2021, 37（9）: 218-221.
[20] 崔新雯, 张一民, 汪赞, 等. 长期高强度间歇训练对中年大鼠骨骼肌蛋白合成和降解的影响[J]. 中国体育科技, 2021（2）: 12-19.
CUI X W, ZHANG Y M, WANG Z, et al. Protein synthesis and degradation in skeletal muscle of middle-aged rats following high intensity interval training[J]. China Sport Science and Technology, 2021（2）: 12-19.
[21] WILSON J M, LOWERY R P, JOY J M, et al. The effects of 12 weeks of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate free acid supplementation on muscle mass, strength, and power in resistance-trained individuals: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2014, 114（6）: 1 217-1 227.
[22] KASEMKIJWATTANA C, MENETREY J, BOSCH P, et a1. Use of growth factors to improve muscle healing after strain injury[J]. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2020, 370: 272-285.
[23] FERNNDEZ-LANDA J, FERNNDEZ-LZARO D, CALLEJA-GONZLEZ J, et al. Effect of ten weeks of creatine monohydrate plus hmb supplementation on athletic performance tests in elite male endurance athletes[J]. Nutrients, 2020, 12（1）: 193.
[24] HAN X J, GOH K Y G, WEN X L, et al. The importance of mtorc1-autophagy axis for skeletal muscle diseases[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, 24（1）: 297.
[25] 夏志, 赵艳, 丁孝民, 等. 抗阻训练改善骨骼肌衰老的关键基因与信号通路鉴定[J]. 中国体育科技, 2021, 57（12）: 92-100.
XIA Z, ZHAO Y, DING X M, et al. Identification of crucial differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in ameliorating skeletal muscle aging by resistance training[J]. China Sport Science and Technology, 2021, 57（12）: 92-100.
[26] 尤莉蓉, 赵艳, 尚画雨, 等. β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸对衰老小鼠腓肠肌蛋白质合成的影响研究[J]. 首都体育学院学报, 2018, 30（5）: 466-472.
YOU L R, ZHAO Y, SHANG H Y, et al. Effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation on protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of aged mice[J]. Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 2018, 30（5）: 466-472.
[27] ASADI A, ARAZI H, SUZUKI K. Effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate-free acid metabolism on strength, power and adaptability following resistance training[J]. Nutrients, 2017, 9（12）: 1 316-1 329.
[28] ARAZI H, TAATI B, SUZUKI K. A review of the effects of leucine metabolite （β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate） supplementation and resistance training on inflammatory markers: A new approach to oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk factors[J]. Antioxidants （Basel）, 2018, 7（10）: 148.